(Unknown)

Ultra-high energy cosmic ray protons

LHC accelerator protons

Slow neutrons in the reactor

Laser frozen atoms

(Unknown)

u

c

~ (1 − 10⁻²²)∙c

~ (1 − 10⁻⁸)∙c

~ 10⁻⁵∙c

~ 10⁻¹¹∙c

c/Φ = 0.289 (Å/s)

ξ

~ −10⁻³⁸

~ −10⁻³⁰

~ −10⁻²³

~ −10⁻¹⁵

~ −10⁻⁸

−2